The Big Island is deeply rooted in its history, with remnants of ancient Hawaiian culture etched into its landscapes (literally). One of the most fascinating glimpses into the past comes in the form of Hawaiian petroglyphs, mysterious carvings in lava rock left behind by the island’s early inhabitants. These markings, some dating back centuries, offer a tangible connection to the stories, beliefs, and traditions of the people who once called this land home.
Staying at our Big Island bed and breakfast puts you in the perfect location to explore these historic sites. With many petroglyph fields scattered across the island, you’ll have the chance to witness these ancient carvings firsthand while immersing yourself in Hawaii’s rich cultural heritage.
What Are Hawaiian Petroglyphs?
Petroglyphs, or ki‘i pōhaku, are images and symbols carved into lava rock. These engravings depict human figures, animals, canoes, geometric shapes, and other meaningful designs. Created by pecking or chiseling with stone tools into the hardened lava surface, petroglyphs were often used to record events, mark trails, or represent spiritual beliefs.
While their exact meanings remain a mystery, many scholars believe that petroglyphs held cultural and religious significance, possibly representing births, deaths, travels, or connections to the gods. Some carvings feature cupules where pika (umbilical cords) were to be placed as a blessing for newborns to live a long life, a practice that underscores the deep spiritual connection between the Hawaiian people and their land.
Where to Find Petroglyphs on the Big Island
Pu‘u Loa Petroglyphs – Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park
Located within Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park, Pu‘u Loa is the largest petroglyph field in Hawaii, with over 23,000 individual carvings. The name Pu‘u Loa means “long hill” or “hill of long life,” reflecting its cultural importance. Many of the petroglyphs here include pika cupules, suggesting the site may have been used for rituals related to birth and ancestry.
To reach Pu‘u Loa, take the scenic Chain of Craters Road, then follow the 1.4-mile round-trip trail across ancient lava flows. As you walk, try to imagine the generations of Hawaiians that have passed through this sacred site, leaving behind symbols of their lives and journeys. It’s a humbling experience that connects visitors to Hawaii’s past in a deeply personal way.
Puʻuloa isn’t the only place in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park where you’ll find these ancient rock carvings. Petroglyphs are scattered across the park, etched into lava rock along the coastline and up the slopes of Kīlauea volcano.
The Cultural and Spiritual Significance of Pu‘u Loa
More than just a historic site, Pu‘u Loa holds deep cultural and spiritual importance. Ancient Hawaiians viewed the land as a living entity, and these carvings were a way to communicate with their gods, record history, and establish a connection between the physical and spiritual worlds. The placement of petroglyphs along well-traveled paths suggests they also served as waypoints, marking significant locations or guiding travelers through the vast volcanic terrain.
Exploring Pu‘u Loa Today
Visiting Pu‘u Loa is a must for anyone staying at our Big Island bed and breakfast and exploring Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. The hike is relatively easy, but be prepared for rugged lava terrain.
Tips for Your Visit
To make the most of your experience while respecting these sacred sites, keep the following in mind:
- Stay on designated trails: The lava fields are fragile, and walking off-trail can damage petroglyphs and surrounding ecosystems.
- Look, but don’t touch: Oils from human skin can erode the carvings over time, so avoid direct contact with the petroglyphs.
- Visit in the morning or late afternoon: The midday sun can be intense on the exposed lava fields, so plan your visits during cooler hours. Bonus: The dramatic lighting and shadows at these times make the petroglyphs even more striking against the hardened lava.
- Bring water and sun protection: There’s little to no shade at these sites, so come prepared for the elements.
- Take your time: Some carvings are subtle and blend into the rock, so walk slowly and observe carefully.
A Journey into the Past, Just Minutes from Volcano Village
Standing among the Puʻuloa Petroglyphs, it’s impossible not to feel the weight of time, thinking about the stories etched into the lava rock by generations of native Hawaiians who made each mark with hope, gratitude, and purpose. Puʻuloa is sure to leave an imprint on you (one that needs no carving in stone).
Staying at our Big Island bed and breakfast puts you close to this incredible site, allowing you to explore at your own pace while enjoying the peaceful surroundings of Volcano Village. After a day of discovery, relax in the comfort of your private bungalow and reflect on the rich cultural heritage you’ve experienced.
Plan your visit today and see Hawai‘i’s past come to life at Pu‘u Loa. Book your stay now and explore the history, beauty, and traditions that make the Big Island unforgettable.